Common Size Financial Statement Analysis Essay Example for Free

Common Size Financial Statement Analysis Essay When all the items of a financial statement are expressed on a common basis, it is known as a common-size financial statement. Common-sizing of balance sheet is done generally by expressing its all items as a percentage of its total assets or total equities. Similarly, income statement is common-sized when its all items are expressed as percentage of total sales. PROCEDURE OF COMMON SIZING In preparing common-size income statement, the following procedure is to be followed : †¢Total sales revenue or total revenue is taken as hundred. †¢Each item of cost or expenses is represented as a percentage of total revenue. †¢Profit or loss also shown as a percentage of revenue. Similarly, balance sheet is common-sized as follows : †¢Total of assets side or total of liability side is taken as hundred. †¢Each item of asset is expressed as percentage of total asset total of capital and liabilities. †¢Each item of the liability side is also expressed as a percentage of total assets or total of capital and liabilities. USEFULNESS OF COMMON-SIZE FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS †¢Inter-firm comparison becomes more meaningful when financial statement of the firms under comparison is common-sized. †¢Common-size financial statement analysis is most suitable to evaluate the performance of a company over a period of time. †¢It is useful in understanding the relative importance of different sources of financing. †¢It helps the analyst to formulate hypothesis about the most efficient business model by means of effective inter-firm comparisons. †¢Common-size financial analysis can be used to compare a company’s financial data with industry norms or average. COMMON-SIZE FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS When all the items of a financial statement are expressed on a common basis, it is known as a common-size financial statement. Common-sizing of balance sheet is done generally by expressing its all items as a percentage of its total assets or total equities. Similarly, income statement is common-sized when its all items are expressed as percentage of total sales. PROCEDURE OF COMMON SIZING In preparing common-size income statement, the following procedure is to be followed : †¢Total sales revenue or total revenue is taken as hundred. †¢Each item of cost or expenses is represented as a percentage of total revenue. †¢Profit or loss also shown as a percentage of revenue. Similarly, balance sheet is common-sized as follows : †¢Total of assets side or total of liability side is taken as hundred. †¢Each item of asset is expressed as percentage of total asset total of capital and liabilities. †¢Each item of the liability side is also expressed as a percentage of total assets or total of capital and liabilities. USEFULNESS OF COMMON-SIZE FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS †¢Inter-firm comparison becomes more meaningful when financial statement of the firms under comparison is common-sized. †¢Common-size financial statement analysis is most suitable to evaluate the performance of a company over a period of time. †¢It is useful in understanding the relative importance of different sources of financing. †¢It helps the analyst to formulate hypothesis about the most efficient business model by means of effective inter-firm comparisons. †¢Common-size financial analysis can be used to compare a company’s financial data with industry norms or average.

Jaguars :: essays research papers

In appearance the Jaguar is often confused with the Leopard both cats, depending to a degree on sub-species have a similar brownish/yellow base fur colour which is distinctively marked with dark rosette markings. However, the jaguar can be distinguished by the presence of small dots or irregular shapes within the larger rosette markings, a more stocky and muscular body and a shorter tail. Melanistic or black jaguars (see below) are common in certain parts of its range and are often confusingly labelled Black Panthers a name which is also applied to black Leopards. In this melanistic form the cats are more difficult to separate, however the jaguars large head and stocky forelimbs are often a good way to differentiate between the two cats.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the wild, identification would not be an issue as the cats inhabit different continents - the jaguar is the only member of the panthera family to be found in the Americas and its is by far the biggest cat on the continent. The Jaguars range, which once spanned from the southern states of the USA down to the tip of South America, now centres on the north and central parts of the South American continent. The jaguar is predominantly a forest dweller with the highest population densities centring on the lowland rain forests of the Amazon Basin - dry woodland and grassland also serve as suitable terrain, although the cat is rarely found in areas above 8000 feet.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The overall body size and coloration of the cat often relates to its location - jaguars found in dense forested areas of the Amazon Basin are often only half the size of those found in more open terrain and it has been suggested that this can be related to the more frequent occurrence of larger prey species found in open terrain . Coloration of dense forest dwelling jaguars is often darker than those found in grassland and scrub forest - here, as with the darker coloration of rainforest leopards, the darker coats give better camouflage in the low light condition on the forest floor and offers the dark coated cat greater success in hunting and a greater chance of survival.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Unlike many other big cats, apart from man, the jaguar has no rivals - no other predator can compete with this powerful cat. The jaguars main periods of hunting activity are greatly dependant upon location - in some areas which are close to human habitation it appears that the cat is most active at night, whilst in other locations the jaguar is crepuscular and in certain cases diurnal in its hunting activity.

Americanisation Is the Large Influence

Americanisation is the large influence that the United States has on other countries. This particular presentation will focus on the impact of American culture on Australia. Americanisation had started in Australia in the 1950’s, with the introduction of the Television. Since then, Australian culture has been influenced dramatically by America. Americanisation has caused Australia’s popular culture to imitate American society and culture. This presentation agrees with this thesis and will argue that Americanisation has a positive effect on Australia.In particular, it will examine American impact on Television and food, as well as Australian fashion. Television is one of the major indicators of Americanisation in Australia. It is an influential tool that shows how American culture works and operates, and affects the cultural mindset of the Australian people. In Australia, the amount of American shows to Australian shows is very huge. This is in turn provides a higher var iety of entertainment to Australian TV, at a cheap price. Many shows like Two and a Half Men and Seinfeld, are shown more than Local-variety TV shows like Home & Away and Neighbours.This means that Australia is introduced to more American culture on TV than Australian culture, and is an indicator that Americanisation is very present in Australia although food and cuisine is also highly-affected by Americanisation. Australian diets are impacted on by American chain-restaurants such as KFC, McDonalds, and Subway, all of which have chains located in Australia. These chains have turned Australian diets that are of no difference to Americans, and have introduced a wide variety of American food products.This means that Australians have a higher number of options to choose from, along with their own variety of local foods, such as lamingtons and meat pies. America’s chains in Australia have included some big-brand and highly popular names, such as McDonalds, KFC, Subway, and Burger King, along with our own unique brand names, such as Oporto, Baskin-Robins, and Hungry Jacks. This creates a unique blend of Australian cuisine, highly influenced by American culture. This is evidence of the imitation of American culture, as our diets have been made to fit theirs, and our food selections are also ainly American. Australian diets, and Aussie entertainment, have all been influenced by America, and fashion is no exception. Australian fashion is highly Americanized. This means our Aussie fashion has been has been stylized to imitate America, to suit American values and culture. A recent example of this would be the snapback hats and varsity jackets, clothing usually only seen in American Major-league sport, which have been recently introduced into Australian fashion earlier this year.This is an example of American culture seeping into Australian society, and has introduced a broader variety of clothing and styles in Australia. But even before the snapbacks, America alre ady had an extreme influence on what we wear, and how we wear it. This is proved in the sports-wear brand Nike. Nike had introduced themselves as a sport-wear company, and eventually introduced their own brand of clothing lines into Australia. Another example would be the introduction of bandannas and wearing baseball caps back-to-front.These are all examples of Americanisation on Australian culture, and what they wear, affects what we wear, and how we wear it. Australian society has a feint international presence in the world. We are a highly Americanized nation, following American culture and society, and have imitated what they do, how they entertain, what they eat, and what they wear. This means we live in an Australian society, with American culture, values, and mind-set, and has had a positive affect on Australia.

Conjugation of the French Verb Convenir

The word suit can be a noun or a verb. In French, the verb is  convenir, meaning to suit or to be suitable. As a noun for an article of clothing, ​​there are a few ways to say suit and it depends on a number of factors.​ Conjugating the French Verb  Convenir French verb conjugations can be a headache for many students and  convenir  does not make it any easier. Thats because its an  irregular verb  and does not follow a common conjugation pattern. However, all French verbs ending in  -venir  and  -tenir  are conjugated this way. To form the proper conjugation, you will need to choose the correct subject pronoun and pair that with the appropriate tense for your sentence. For instance, using the verb stem  convien-, you can say I suit with je conviens and we will suit with nous conviendrons. Subject Present Future Imperfect je conviens conviendrai convenais tu conviens conviendras convenais il convient conviendra convenait nous convenons conviendrons convenions vous convenez conviendrez conveniez ils conviennent conviendront convenaient The Present Participle of  Convenir When you add -ant  to the stem of  convenir, the  present participle  convenant  is created. This is a verb or can be an adjective, gerund, or noun when necessary. The Past Participle and Passà © Composà © For the past tense suited,  you can use either the imperfect or the  passà © composà ©. To form the latter, conjugate the  auxiliary verb  Ãƒ ªtre  for the subject, then add the  past participle  convenu. For example, I suited is je suis convenu and we found suitable is nous sommes convenu. More Simple Convenir  Conjugations There will also be times when you will use or encounter one of the following conjugations. Both the subjunctive and conditional imply some degree of uncertainty. The passà © simple and imperfect subjunctive are found most often in formal writing. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je convienne conviendrais convins convinsse tu conviennes conviendrais convins convinsses il convienne conviendrait convint convnt nous convenions conviendrions convnmes convinssions vous conveniez conviendriez convntes convinssiez ils conviennent conviendraient convinrent convinssent The imperative verb form of  convenir  is easy. When using it, the subject pronoun is not required. Rather than saying tu conviens, simplify it to conviens. Imperative (tu) conviens (nous) convenons (vous) convenez ​​